shortcomings. The Ethereum mainnet is known to have slow transaction

times (13 transactions per second) and expensive gas fees. K eeping

transactions secure, speedy, and scalable, Layer 2s are built on top of the

Ethereum blockchain. Each individual solution has its pros and cons to

consider, such as throughput, gas fees, security, scalability, and of course,

functionality.

All these needs are not fulfilled currently by a single Layer 2 solution;

however, there are Layer 2 scaling solutions that aim to improve all these

aspects; these solutions are called roll-ups.

The Layer 2 scaling solutions roll-ups perform transaction operations off

the main Ethereum blockchain but post the transaction data onto Layer 1.

Roll-ups are secured by the same Layer 1 security measures, considering

the transaction data is on Layer 1. In fact, this is the defining feature that

roll-ups offer to users.

The three properties of a Layer 2 roll-up are as follows:

Transactions are executed outside of Layer 1 (reduce gas fees)

Data and proof of transactions reside on Layer 1 (maintains security)

A roll-up smart contract that is found on Layer 1 can enforce proper

transaction execution on Layer 2 by using the transaction data that is

stored on Layer 1.

U ltimately, roll-ups require users like you and me to stake a bond in the

roll-up smart contract, which encourages users to verify and execute

transactions correctly.

On account of their reducing fees, increasing transaction throughput, and

expanding participation roll-ups are useful.

To change the blockchain landscape for the better, Ethereum Layer 2

solutions have some serious potential. Although still being able to transact

quickly and at little to no cost for users, Layer 2 solutions ensure that users

are able to maintain all the safety measures used on the Ethereum Mainnet.

Polygon

The first well-structured, easy-to-use platform for Ethereum scaling and

infrastructure development is polygon, a startup. Without sacrificing on